Sash windows are a long-standing feature of British architecture, and a factor in their long-term popularity has been their diversity. Over the years, as housing, community, and architectural preferences changed, so did window designs. This explains why, in some streets, you would find two homes that belong to the same period but differ greatly in their window design. This means that there are various designs of sash windows, which cater to the different needs of a structure, in this case, buildings.
At Parsons Joinery, we specialise in every type of window from traditional Georgian glazing to contemporary designs. Below, we offer a no-nonsense overview of the different types of sash windows you’re likely to see in use today, their functionality, and the type of dwellings that complement their design.
Box Sash Windows
Let’s start by looking at a traditional favourite. So, you may have been wondering what a box sash window is. Essentially, it’s no different from a traditional weight and cord mechanism. They work like this: there are hidden weights that run through pulleys in the window frame, referred to as a “box,” which means that it moves very easily up and down. This design has been in use for a long, long time.
Box sashes are not only period-correct but also elegant, robust, and easy to maintain, which explains their popularity with conservation officers. If you own a period property, particularly a property in a conservation area, this will in all likelihood be your best choice.
Double-Hung vs. Single-Hung Sash Windows
Another common term that keeps popping up is double-hung sash window. In a double-hung window, both sashes are able to move, that means the top slides down, while the bottom moves up. This provides you with amazing ventilation control. Hot air goes out from the top, while cool air comes from the bottom.
The most common traditional British window uses double-hung sashes, but there are also single-hung ones. If you’re still wondering what a double sash window is, this would be a common example of it: There are two moveable sashes that are balanced using an internal weight mechanism.
Single-hung window sashes, on the other hand, consist of a fixed sash and a movable sash. These are not as common since there isn’t much benefit in including a fixed sash, especially on top, since many consider a ventilation benefit of double-hung windows.
Sliding Sash Windows
This is merely a description of any type of window where the window slides vertically, which is the umbrella term for all traditional designs of windows. Whether you use a single-hung window, a double-hung window, or a box window, these are all types of sliding windows.
Sliding Sashes are renowned for their ease of operation, their even action, and their potential for providing a great flow of ventilation without opening into a room or swinging out onto a pavement. With proper joinery and care, they are remarkably long-lasting, which explains their long usage in British architecture dating back to the 1600s.
If you would like to learn how all of these components work together with regard to the weight, cords, pulleys, and rails, you can look at our internal resource, An Expert Guide To Sash Windows, Their Parts & How They Work.
Flush Sash Windows
Moving straight to something a bit more contemporary, what is a flush sash window? A flush sash window differs from a traditional window in that, whereas in a traditional window, one of the window frames sits slightly in front of the other, in a flush sash window, everything lines up perfectly.
Flush sashes do not attempt to look Victorian and Georgian, rather, they imbue a timeless, subtle look. These are especially common in new constructions as well as those that are inclined towards a minimalist look.
Modern Black Sash Windows
Although traditional white sashes are always in vogue, black sash windows are gaining popularity as a modern alternative. This design takes inspiration from traditional wrought iron frames but has a very fresh, modern look. Black sash windows offer a wonderful contrast, are perfect for viewing, and suit every house, no matter how old it is.
We also specialise in joining timber for making window sashes that can be painted in all kinds of colours, including black. Believe it or not, black can look rather effective as well.
Choosing the right style for your home
Every property has a certain style, and the window design should enhance it rather than compete with it. This is how you would consider which of these two designs of windows would suit your house:
For Period Homes
- Box Sash Windows preserve architectural integrity
- Double-hung windows are usually found in Georgian and Victorian architecture
- Classic ratios and glazing bar designs are even more important than many realise
- Conservation areas usually involve like-for-like replacements
For Listed Buildings
- Authenticity is essential
- Slim double glazing or vacuum glazing may be feasible without changing the original window look
- Materials and detailing are important considerations for officers in a planning authority
For Modern Homes
- Flush Sash Windows provide a sleek, streamlined design
- Up-to-date colours like black or charcoal can be used for emphasis
- Windows with bigger sizes and fewer glazing bars give a more contemporary look
For Mixed or Transitional Homes
Some properties blend old and new, think Victorian terraces with modern extensions. In these cases:
- Traditional sashes may suit the original façade
- Slimmer, flush designs might be suitable for newer rear extensions
- A colour could bind both realms
Why So Many Types Exist
Sash windows are developed with architectural designs. Georgians preferred small window panes due to their findings in glass production. Victorians, with their advanced knowledge of glass production, opted for larger window panes. Edwardians were fond of ornamentation, bay windows, and elegance. Contemporary owners prefer energy efficiency, easy functionality, and personalised colours.
The result? A wonderful diversity of family designs.
If you would like further information on costs, upgrading, and further planning tips, I recommend a look at our related guide: A Guide to Sash Window Costs & How They Add Value.
Conclusion
Whether you’re restoring a beloved period property or specifying windows for a newbuild, traditional sash windows are still one of the most versatile and desirable options that exist. The secret to their timeless appeal has always been their simplicity: two sashes, nicely proportional, sliding gracefully, a design that has endured for over 300 years.
From classic box glazing to flush sashes, and from fine Georgian bars to black glazing, there has literally been a style of window sash to suit every house.
If you are involved in a renovation, a direct replacement, or a total home makeover, we are always available to assist you in finding a perfect match that’s well-balanced, elegantly designed, and long-lasting. In which case, please contact our team to arrange a free consultation and to discuss how the different types of sash windows might suit your project.